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    Spatiotemporal organization, regulation and functions of tractions during neutrophil chemotaxis

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    Date
    2010-10-28
    Author
    Shin, Myung Eun
    He, Yuan
    Li, Dong
    Na, Sungsoo
    Chowdhury, Farhan
    Poh, Yeh-Chuin
    Collin, Olivier
    Su, Pei
    de Lanerolle, Primal
    Schwartz, Martin A.
    Wang, Ning
    Wang, Fei
    Publisher
    American Society of Hematology
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Despite recent advances in our understanding of biochemical regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis, little is known about how mechanical factors control neutrophils’ persistent polarity and rapid motility. Here, by using a human neutrophil-like cell line and human primary neutrophils, we describe a dynamic spatiotemporal pattern of tractions during chemotaxis. Tractions are located at both the leading and the trailing edge of neutrophils, where they oscillate with a defined periodicity. Interestingly, traction oscillations at the leading and the trailing edge are out of phase with the tractions at the front leading those at the back, suggesting a temporal mechanism that coordinates leading edge and trailing edge activities. The magnitude and periodicity of tractions depend upon the activity of non-muscle myosin IIA. Specifically, traction development at the leading edge requires myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)-mediated myosin II contractility and is necessary for 51- integrin activation and leading edge adhesion. Localized myosin II activation induced by spatially activated small GTPase Rho and its downstream kinase p160-ROCK, as previously reported, leads to contraction of actin-myosin II complexes at the trailing edge, causing it to de-adhere. Our data identify a key biomechanical mechanism for persistent cell polarity and motility.
    Subject
    tractions
    integrin activation
    Type
    Article
    Date available in INDIGO
    2011-05-25T18:22:29Z
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10027/7645
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    • Publications - Physiology and Biophysics

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